Electromagnetic Metamaterials: A New Paradigm of Antenna Design

The progress of technology in consumer electronics demand an antenna having a compact size, high gain and bandwidth, multiple antennas at transmitter receiver to enhance the channel capacity. Over last decade, numerous techniques are proposed improve performance antenna. One such technique is use metamaterials (MTMs) design. MTMs artificial structures provide unique electromagnetic properties that not available natural materials. these materials allow design high-performance antennas, filters, microwave devices which cannot be obtained using traditional antennas. Loading with one, two, three-dimensional MTM comprised periodic subwavelength unit cell exhibits RLC resonant allows manipulate waves system. These offer low frequency compared resulting miniaturization manipulation helps enhancing achieving circular polarization (CP) Also, metamaterial loading enhances isolation between elements multiple-input-multiple output (MIMO) system by suppressing surface waves. In this paper, electromagnetics analytical expressions its application discussed detail. MTM-based classified into loading, inspired antenna, metasurface composite right/left hand (CRLH) based recent development miniaturization, CP mutual coupling suppression MIMO systems make it useful for further research.